New
research demonstrates that acupuncture stimulates brain cell
proliferation in the cerebrum. The researchers note that
electroacupuncture “exerts a neuroprotective effect in ischemic stroke.”
The researchers also successfully measured the biochemical pathway by
which acupuncture exerts this medical benefit to the brain.
Stimulation
of two acupuncture points was shown to activate the extracellular
signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway, an important protein communication
pathway involved in cell proliferation.
The experiment measured the biochemical
responses to electro-acupuncture delivered to acupuncture points LI11
(Quchi) and ST36 (Zusanli), bilaterally. LI11 is located at the lateral
end of the transverse cubital crease, a point located somewhat near the
elbow. ST36 is located near the anterior crest of the tibia on the lower
leg. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, both
acupuncture points are related by their location on the hand and leg
Yangming channels respectively. The traditional uses of these
acupuncture points varies greatly in many clinical circumstances.
According to TCM theory, both ST36 and LI11 are He Sea and Earth points
thereby giving them another similarity beyond sharing placement on a
Yangming channel. Interestingly, a common pairing of ST36 is with LI10.
ST36, Zusanli, is translated as leg three measures and LI10, Zhousanli,
is translated as arm three measures. This refers, in part, to each
acupuncture point’s ability to strengthen patients with weak conditions.
Here, the researchers paired ST36 with LI11 instead.
Traditionally, LI11 is commonly used to
quell inflammatory conditions such as sore throats, toothaches, red
& painful eyes, urticarria, various skin conditions and febrile
diseases. LI11 is also used for the treatment of upper limb paralysis.
ST36 is commonly used to nourish and strengthen patients with weak
bodily constitutions. However, it is indicated for inflammatory
conditions including enteritis, gastritis and breast abscesses. ST36 is
commonly used by licensed acupuncturists for the treatment of gastric
pain, vomiting, abdominal distention, diarrhea, constipation, mastitis,
edema, asthma, anemia, indigestion, mania and neurasthenia. ST36 is also
traditionally indicated for the treatment of apoplexy, shock and
hemiplegia.
The investigators noted that
electro-acupuncture “significantly ameliorated neurological deficits and
cerebral infarction” in cases of cerebral injuries. In addition,
specific biological responses showed a healthy stimulation reaction to
the application of electro-acupuncture. The researchers discovered that
electro-acupuncture significantly increased phosphorylation levels of
ERK and protein expression of Ras, cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent
kinase. All of these findings led to the conclusion that acupuncture
“exerts a neuroprotective effect in ischemic stroke.”
There have been numerous studies with
similar conclusive evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of
acupuncture after a stroke and for brain repair. A study of the
acupuncture points TB3 (Zhongzhu) and TB5 (Waiguan) demonstrated the
ability of these points restore hand function and walking after a
stroke. The study also concluded that general activities of daily living
function improved.
Another study discovered that
acupuncture is able to “promote the proliferation and differentiation of
neural stem cells in the brain… accelerate angiogenesis and inhibit
apoptosis.” The research measured acupuncture’s role in angiogenesis,
the physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels from
pre-existing vessels. Acupuncture at GV20 (Baihui) and GV14 (Dazhui)
increased neural repair following cerebral ischemia. These researchers
also noted that acupuncture points GV20 (Baihui) and GV26 (Shuigou)
regulate cells which “increase the release of nerve growth factors
(NGFs) to make nerve cells survive and axons grow, synthesize
neurotransmitters, (and) metabolize toxic substances….” The
investigation also revealed that needling acupuncture points CV24
(Chengjiang), CV4, (Guanyuan), GV26 (Shuigou) and GV20 (Baihui) “could
inhibit excessive proliferation of the hippocampal astrocytes and
promote cellular differentiation.”
Just last year, a study revealed that
acupuncture is an “effective therapy for CVS (cerebrovascular vasospasm)
after subarachnoid hemorrhage.” This is important because cerebral
blood vessel spasms lead to vasoconstriction and subsequent cerebral
ischemia, which causes necrosis and may lead to a stroke. In this study,
acupuncture at points Baihui (GV20, Du20) and Fengchi (GB20) were
tested. The researchers note that the acupuncture group’s medical
improvements were ““superior to that in the conventional treatment
group.” Also, patients receiving acupuncture combined with medications
showed greater improvements that those who only received medications.
Scalp acupuncture has also shown
benefits for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH). Clinical
investigators note, “The evidence from clinical studies suggested that
SA (scalp acupuncture) therapy may produce significant benefits for
patients with acute ICH.” The researchers note that studies confirm that
scalp acupuncture “has rapid and powerful effects to remove limb
paralysis caused either by cerebral infarct or by cerebral
haemorrhage….” Research also shows that acupuncture at GV20 and GB7
significantly and beneficially regulates the cascade of endogenous
inflammatory chemicals released after a stroke. Additionally, the
investigators note that neuro-electrophysiologic measurements of scalp
acupuncture responses demonstrate that acupuncture at GV20 and Taiyang
improves “coordination and compensation functions among cortical
functional areas” in ICH patients.
It is often the everyday aches and
pains that follow a stroke that cause difficulty for patients. A large
sample size study concluded that acupuncture reduces shoulder pain after
a stroke. A meta-analysis of 453 randomized controlled studies
investigated the effects of acupuncture for the treatment of shoulder
pain after a stroke. The findings were tabulated and the researchers
concluded that “acupuncture is an effective treatment for shoulder pain
after (a) stroke.”
References:
Xie,
Guanli, Shanli Yang, Azhen Chen, Lan Lan, Zhicheng Lin, Yanlin Gao, Jia
Huang et al. "Electroacupuncture at Quchi and Zusanli treats cerebral
ischemia‑reperfusion injury through activation of ERK signaling."
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 5, no. 6 (2013): 1593-1597.
Cheng XK, Wang ZM, Sun L, Li YH.
[Post-stroke hand dysfunction treated with acupuncture at Zhongzhu (TE
3) and Waiguan (TE 5)]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011 Feb;31(2):117-20.
Research advances in treatment of
cerebral ischemic injury by acupuncture of conception and governor
vessels to promote nerve regeneration. Zhou-xin Yang, Peng-dian Chen,
Hai-bo Yu, Wen-shu Luo, Yong-Gang Wu, Min Pi, Jun-hua Peng, Yong-feng
Liu, Shao-yun Zhang, Yan-hua Gou. Journal of Chinese Integrative
Medicine, Jan. 2012. vol. 10, 1. Department of Acupuncture and
Moxibustion, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou
University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, China.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012
Mar;32(3):193-7. Observation of clinical efficacy of acupuncture for
cerebral vasospasm after embolization of ruptured aneurysms]. Jiang YZ,
Li C, Xu JY, Lu YZ, Xu R, Han B, Lu WH. Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi
Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Jiangsu Province,
China.
Evidence-Based Complementary and
Alternative MedicineVolume 2012 (2012), Article ID 895032, 9 pages.
doi:10.1155/2012/895032. History and Mechanism for Treatment of
Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Scalp Acupuncture. Zhe Liu, Ling Guan, Yan
Wang, Cheng-Long Xie, Xian-Ming Lin and Guo-Qing Zheng. The Third
Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou.
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, General Hospital, Beijing.
Center of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital
of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou.
Jung Ah Lee, Si-Woon Park, Pil Woo
Hwang, Sung Min Lim, Sejeong Kook, Kyung In Choi, and Kyoung Sook Kang.
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. September 2012,
18(9): 818-823. doi:10.1089/acm.2011.0457.
Tony Burris, L.Ac., is a 17-year practitioner of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and is an expert in safe and effective acupuncture therapy and herbal remedies. He is the only practitioner in the United States that offers a “Painless Acupuncture- Or Your Money Back!” Guarantee. Tony helps frustrated and injured athletes and chronic pain sufferers discover a unique therapy system that often provides long-lasting or even permanent pain relief. His patients include members of the San Diego Chargers, Washington Redskins, Denver Broncos, Chicago Bears and Detroit Lions. Tony also treats members of the Seattle Mariners, Olympic medalists, mixed martial artists and NCAA competitors. Visit Tony’s other blog at The Taoist Club of Boise or visit his website.